New country, New hardship


           It was hard for us to cope with all the chnages at first. I remember when my son Shmaeil, would come back from school and he would cry because he did not know a single word in English. I cried with him, I knew he wanted to learn. He cared a lot about being a good student and when he couldn’t understand the language he would become nervous and start crying. That was probably the hardest thing I’ve been through here. I did not understand some of his homework as well, at times, I felt useless. 

My son, Shmaeil is currently attending Northern Arizona University on a full-scholarship to become a physician assistant. And my daughter, Catrin is a freshman in high school and has a bright future ahead of her. We were blessed as a family to have another son, Emmanuel in 2010. My husband works at Fry’s food stores, he recently was promoted to be a supervisor in the produce department.

Today is April 26th, 2018, and after nine years of living in the United States, my life is just beginning to settle down. Three years ago, we became United States citizens as did our children. This is the life that I could not have had in Iraq anymore. My children would have never been able to finish their education and we would have never been able to buy a house. I think the people in Iraq deserve this life and they shouldn’t have to migrate thousands of miles in order to have a chance at life. 

Hanaa Bethyo

Hanaa is an Iraqi refugee who migrated to the United States in 2009. Following the invasion of Iraq, many Iraqi citizens felt threatened by the chaos that the war had left in the streets of Baghdad. Hanaa and her family decided to leave their homeland and migrate to Turkey in 2008. 


life in Iraq before the 2003 war,

In Iraq, life was easier. My husband, Imaad worked as a supervisor at Hyatt hotels and he made enough money for our family. I did not have to work. I stayed home caring for my son, who was born in 1999. In 2002, I was pregnant with my second child, my daughter, Catrin.

 

            Everything changed after the war in 2003. When the U.S. army invaded Iraq, they came through the South. As soon as the U.S. military entered Basra, my husband, myself, my son and my infant daughter drove North. We packed only clothes, and fled to my parent’s house in Sharafia, a small village just thirty-minutes drive north of Mosul. It was a long eight-hour drive, my daughter was only 40-days old. I was so scared for my kids, they were just kids and had no idea what was going on around them. 

Pictures of Baghdad before 2003

Life during war in my parent's hometown

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Life at my parent’s house was horrible, we had no running water, no electricity and worst of them all no baby food for my daughter. I remember my older brother pulling buckets after buckets full of water from a river stream that was about a mile away. Some families had donkeys, they would strap two buckets of water on a donkey and let the donkey do the demanding work. We used the water to wash, clean clothes and we saved some to drink. It was not the cleanest water, after all it was from a river, but water is water. We needed it to survive.

            I spent my five months at my parent’s house, while my husband was in Baghdad. Where I was it was slightly safer, and our conditions started to improve. During that time, we were afraid as Assyrians living in an isolated small village because we were stuck in the middle of two sides, from the south it was U.S. collision with Iraqi militants and from the north we feared a Kurdish raid or attack on our village.

 

But, I couldn’t help but think of what my husband is going through in Baghdad. Luckily, his brother and mother were with him during those five months. My mother in law insisted that I’d stay up north past the five months, but I couldn’t. I wanted to be where I belonged, with my husband and my family. 



Our city, Rusafa, Baghdad

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Coming back home to Baghdad,

My biggest regret growing up was not finishing my college. After two years of college, I got married and never finished my degree. After moving back to my home in Baghdad, my husband had been laid off work, had to find a job being a taxi driver. After Saddam was found and arrested, chaos ensued. Terrorist groups started pouring in, there was no law nor order, Iraqi nationalist waged war on whoever supports the U.S. military; they would hunt down families of individuals who had any association or contact with the Americans. Baghdad was not the same city I had left.

 

I was not afraid to do what I wanted. I went back to college, graduated and found a job at an elementary school. No matter how dangerous your life can be, you can’t give up on what you want. You can’t stop living. When I started the job, I carpooled with other teachers in a minivan. I taught from 7:00 AM to 1:30 PM. Of course, you are always afraid of a bomb exploding, road rage shootings, or being taken hostage by terrorist groups. I lived in a Shia Muslim majority area, in our school district, teachers were not allowed to show hair; I wore a head scarf to teach at an elementary. I did what I could to stay teaching, I loved my job.

Leaving the country

In 2008, our landlord wanted to sell his property because the area became dangerous and he wanted to move. He gave us a three-month notice to evict the house and find a new place. My husband did not want to leave Baghdad, he was born and raised there. He said, “if we are leaving, we are leaving the country”. His sister lived in Arizona since late 1990’s, she told us she’ll help us throughout our migration, if we decide to leave.

So, in July of 2008, we left Iraq. We sold every asset we had and took all our savings with us. Our destination was Turkey. Many people fled to Turkey that year, it was the safest place for Iraqi refugees at the time.


Life in Turkey

We stayed between Istanbul and Afyon, Turkey for ten months as refugees. We applied for asylum through the United Nations. When you are a refugee in Turkey, you are not allowed to work, make any kind of legal money and participate in any job event or social events. My son, Shmaeil couldn’t go to school either because refugee’s children aren’t allowed in schools. We faced hardship in Turkey, but luckily our application was being processed faster than other application because we had my sister-in-law in Arizona, who was vouching for us. We went through three interviews and finger printings; then finally, we received our flight date.

On May 25th, 2009, our flight took off. Our destination was New York. 

Arriving in New York,

A 15-hour total flight from Istanbul to Germany, and then to New York. I remember landing, I was sitting next to the window and I lifted the shades. It was cloudy and pouring rain that day, I couldn’t believe what I was seeing. My son and daughter were asleep, I looked over at my husband and said “We really are here. We are in the United States”. I was nervous, but excited. I never thought this day would come. We always thought the U.S. was the moon, or a different world than ours. I knew that my life and the lives of my children will have a value in this country. I was thrilled to be here.

 

At first, we went through another process of scanning and finger printings at the airport. Then, we spent the night at the hotel. The next day we had a flight from New York to Michigan and from Michigan to Arizona. I remember my first sight of Phoenix as we drove out of Sky Harbor, it was sunny and warm, it felt like I was in Baghdad again. 


We lived with my sister-in-law for over a year. We registered my son at school and I volunteered to help in the cafeteria, in hopes of getting a job. I struggled to communicate with people at work, but I knew some English; enough to get me through the day.

I worked as a volunteer for two years, until the school cafeteria hired me. Everyday when I was a volunteer, I’d think back to the sacrifices I made in Iraq to get a four-year degree, but none of that mattered here. I went from teaching to working in the cafeteria. It was painful, but I had to do it. I did it for my family. 


Bibliography

  • Bretton-Gordon, H. D. (2016, March 16). Remembering Halabja chemical attack. Retrieved from https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2016/03/remembering-halabja-chemical-attack-160316061221074.html
  • Cockburn, P. (2013, March 06). The Shia are in power in Iraq – but not in control. Retrieved from https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/the-shia-are-in-power-in-iraq-but-not-in-control-8523280.html
  • Massey, Douglas S. “FIVE MYTHS ABOUT IMMIGRATION: Common Misconceptions Underlying U.S. Border-Enforcement Policy.” Americanimmigrationcouncil.org, Aug. 2005.
  • Sassen, Saskia. (2018). The Global City: Strategic Site, New Frontier. Moving Cities - Contested Views on Urban Life. 11-28. 10.1007/978-3-658-18462-9_2. 
  • Wold, Mike. “Beyond ‘Free’ or ‘Fair’ Trade: Mexican Farmers Go Local.” YES! Magazine, 19 Jan. 2015, www.yesmagazine.org/peace-justice/beyond-free-or-fair-trade-mexican-farmers-go-local.

 

 

 

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